PAPER 1 : 

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Section A: Language and Folk‐lore

(a) Nature and Functions of Language (with reference to Marathi) 

1. Language as a signifying system: Langue and Parole; Basic functions; Poetic Language; Standard Language and dialect; Language variations according to social parameters. 
2. Linguistic features of Marathi in the thirteenth century and seventeenth century. 

(b) Dialects of Marathi: Ahirani; Varhadi; Dangi. 

(c) Marathi Grammar: Parts of Speech; Case-system; Prayog-vichar (Voice). 

(d) Nature and kinds of Folk-lore (with special reference to Marathi)   Lok-Geet, Lok Katha, Lok Natya. 

Section B: History of Literature and Literary Criticism

(a) History of Marathi Literature 

1. From the beginning to 1818 AD, with special reference to the following: The Mahanubhava writers, the Varkari poets, the Pandit poets, the Shahirs, Bakhar Literature. 
2. From 1850 to 1990, with special reference to developments in the following major forms: Poetry, Fiction (Novel and Short Story), Drama; and major literary currents and movements, Romantic, Realist, Modernist, Dalit, Gramin, Feminist. 

(b) Literary Criticism 

1. Nature and function of Literature; 
2. Evaluation of Literature; 
3. Nature, Objectives and Methods of Criticism;  
4. Literature, Culture and Society. 

PAPER 2 : Textual study of prescribed literary works.

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The paper will require first-hand reading of the texts prescribed and will be designed to test the candidate’s critical ability. 

Section A: Prose

1. ‘Smritisthala’ 
2. Mahatma Jotiba Phule
   1. ‘‘Shetkaryacha Asud’
   2. ‘Sarvajanik Satyadharma’ 
3. S.V. Ketkar: ‘Brahmankanya’ 
4. P.K. Atre: ‘Sashtang Namaskar’ 
5. Sharchchandra Muktibodh: ‘Jana Hey Volatu Jethe’ 
6. Uddhav Shelke: ‘Shilan’ 
7. Baburao Bagul: ‘Jevha Mi Jaat Chorli Hoti’ 
8. Gouri Deshpande: ‘Ekek Paan Galavaya’ 
9. P.I. Sonkamble: ‘Athavaninche Pakshi’ 

Section B: Poetry

1. ‘Namadevanchi Abhangwani’: Ed: Inamdar, Relekar, Mirajkar, Modern Book Depot, Pune 
2. ‘Painjan’: Ed: M.N. Adwant, Sahitya Prasar Kendra, Nagpur 
3. ‘Damayanti-Swayamvar’ By Raghunath Pandit 
4. ‘Balakvinchi Kavita’ By Balkavi 
5. ‘Vishakha’ By Kusumagraj 
6. ‘Maridgandh’ By Vinda Karandikar 
7. ‘Jahirnama’ By Narayan Surve 
8. ‘Sandhyakalchya Kavita’ By Grace 
9. ‘Ya Sattet Jeev Ramat Nahi’ By Namdev Dhasal 

PAPER 1 : 

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Section A 

Language:

1. General characteristics of Manipuri Language and history of its development; its importance and status among the Tibeto-Burman Languages of North-East India; recent development in the study of Manipuri Language; evolution and study of old Manipuri script. 
2. Significant features of Manipuri Language:
   1. Phonology: Phoneme-vowels, consonants juncture, tone, consonant cluster and its occurrence, syllable-its structure, pattern and types. 
   2. Morphology: Word-class, root and its types; affix and its types; grammatical categories-gender, number, person, case, tense and aspects, process of compounding (samas and sandhi). 
   3. Syntax: Word order; types of sentences, phrase and clause structures. 

Section B

1. Literary History of Manipuri :
   1. Early period (up to 17th Century)–Social and cultural background; Themes, diction and style of the works.
   2. Medieval period (18th and 19th Century)-Social, religious and political background; Themes, diction and style of the works. 
   3. Modern period-Growth of major literary forms; change of Themes, diction and style. 
2. Manipuri Folk Literature: Legend, Folktale, Folksong, Ballad, Proverb and Riddle. 
3. Aspects of Manipuri Culture:
   1. Pre-Hindu Manipuri Faith; Advent of Hinduism and the process of syncreticism; 
   2. Performing arts-Lai Haraoba, Maha Ras; 
   3. Indegenous games-Sagol Kangjei, Khong Kangjei, Kang. 

PAPER 2 : 

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This paper will require first hand reading of the texts prescribed and will be designed to test a candidate’s critical ability to assess them. 

Section A: Old and Medieval Manipuri Literature:

(a) Old Manipuri Literature:

1. O. Bhogeswar Singh (Ed.): Numit Kappa 
2. M. Gourachandra Singh (Ed.): Thawanthaba Hiran 
3. N. Khelchandra Singh (Ed.): Naothingkhong  Phambal Kaba 
4. M. Chandra Singh (Ed.): Panthoibi Khongul 

(b) Medieval Manipuri Literature:

1. M. Chandra Singh (Ed.): Samsok Ngamba 
2. R.K. Snahal Singh (Ed.): Ramayana Adi Kanda 
3. N. Khelchandra Singh (Ed.): Dhananjoy Laibu Ningba 
4. O. Bhogeswar Singh (Ed.): Chandrakirti Jila Changba 

Section B: Modern Manipuri Literature:

A. Poetry and Epic:

1. Poetry:

1. Manipuri Sheireng (Pub) Manipuri Sahitya Parishad, 1998 (Ed.) 

Kh. Chaoba Singh: Pi Thadoi, Lamgi CheklaAmada, Loktak 

Dr. L. Kamal Singh: Nirjanata, Nirab Rajani 

A. Minaketan Singh: Kamalda, Nonggumlalkkhoda. 

L. Samarendra Singh: Ingagi Nong, Mamang Leikai Thambal Satle E. Nilakanta Singh: Manipur, Lamangnaba 

Shri Biren:  Tangkhul Hui 

Th. Ibopishak:  Anouba Thunglaba Jiba. 

2. Kanchi Sheireng. (Pub) Manipur University 1998 (Ed.) 

Dr. L. Kamal Singh: Biswa-Prem

Shri Biren: Chaphadraba Luigi Yen 

Th. Ibopishak: Norok Patal Prithivi 

2. Epic :

1. A. Dorendrajit Singh: Kansa Bodha 
2. H. Anganghal Singh: Khamba-Thoibi Sheireng(San-Senba, Lei Langba,Shamu Khonggi Bichar) 

3. Drama:

1. S. Lalit Singh: Areppa Marup 
2. G.C. Tongbra: Matric Pass 
3. A. Samarendra: Judge Saheb ki Imung 

B. Novel, Short‐story and Prose:

1. Novel:

1. Dr. L. Kamal Singh: Madhabi
2. H. Anganghal Singh: Jahera 
3. H. Guno Singh: Laman 
4. Pacha Meetei: Imphal Amasung, MagiIshing, Nungsitki Phibam 

2. Short‐story:

1. Kanchi Wari Macha (Pub) Manipur University 1997(Ed.) 

R.K. Shitaljit Singh: Kamala Kamala

M.K. Binodini: Eigi Thahoudraba HeitupLalu

Kh. Prakash: Wanom Shareng 

2. Parishadki Khangatlaba Warimacha (Pub) Manipuri Sahitya Parishad 1994 (Ed.)

S. Nilbir Shastri: Loukhatpa

R.K. Elangba: Karinunggi 

3. Anouba Manipuri Warimacha (Pub) The Cultural Forum Manipur 1992 (Ed.)

N. Kunjamohon Singh: Ijat Tanba E. Dinamani: Nongthak Khongnang 

3. Prose:

1. Warenggi Saklon [Due Part] (Pub) The Cultural Forum Manipur 1992 (Ed.) 

Kh. Chaoba Singh: Khamba-Thoibigi WariAmasung Mahakavya  

2. Kanchi Wareng (Pub)  Manipur University, 1998 (Ed.) 

B. Manisana Shastri : Phajaba

Ch. Manihar Singh: Lai-Haraoba 

3. Apunba Wareng (Pub)  Manipur University, 1986 (Ed.) 

Ch. Pishak Singh: Samaj Amasung Sanskriti 

M.K. Binodini: Thoibidu Warouhouida 

Eric Newton: Kalagi Mahousa (translated by I.R. Babu) 

4. Manipuri Wareng (Pub) The Cultural Forum Manipur 1999 (Ed.) 

S. Krishnamohan Singh: Lan 

PAPER 1 : 

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SECTION A

1. Early phase of Malayalam Language:
   1. Various theories : Origin from proto Dravidian, Tamil, Sanskrit.
   2. Relation between Tamil and Malayalam : Six nayas of A. R. Rajarajavarma. 
   3. Pattu School—Definition, Ramacharitam, later pattu works—Niranam works and Krishnagatha. 
2. Linguistic features of:
   1. Manipravalam—definition. Language of early manipravala works—Champu, Sandesakavya, Chandrotsava, minor works. Later manipravala works—medieval Champu and Attakkatha. 
   2. Folklore—Southern and Northern ballads, Mappila songs. 
   3. Early Malayalam Prose—Bhashakautaliyam, Brahmandapuranam, Attaprakaram, Kramadipika and Nambiantamil. 
3. Standardisation of Malayalam:
   1. Peculiarities of the language of Pana, Kilippattu and Tullal. 
   2. Contributions of indigenous and European missionaries to Malayalam.
   3. Characteristics of contemporary Malayalam; Malayalam as administrative language. Language of scientific and technical literature—media language. 

SECTION B: LITERARY HISTORY

4. Ancient and Medieval Literature:
   1. Pattu—Ramacharitam, Niranam Works and Krishnagatha. 
   2. Manipravalam—early and mediaeval manipravalam works including aattakkatha and champu.
   3. Folk Literature. 
   4. Kilippattu, Thullal and Mahakavya. 
5. Modern Literature—Poetry:
   1. Venmani poets and contemporaries.
   2. The advent of  Romanticism—Poetry of Kavitraya i.e., Asan, Ulloor and Vallathol.
   3. Poetry after Kavitraya.
   4. Modernism in Malayalam Poetry. 
6. Modern Literature—Prose:
   1. Drama.
   2. Novel.
   3. Short story. 
   4. Biography, travelogue, essay and criticism. 

PAPER 2 : 

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This paper will require first hand reading of the texts prescribed and is designed to test the candidate’s critical ability.

SECTION A

Unit 1

1.1 Ramacharitam—Pattalam 1. 

1.2 Kannassaramayanam—Balakandam first 25 stanzas. 

1.3 Unnunilisandesam—Purvabhagam 25 slokas including Prastavana. 

1.4 Mahabharatham Kilippattu—Bhishmaparvam. 

Unit 2

2.1 Kumaran Asan—Chintavisthayaya Sita. 

2.2 Vailoppilli—Kutiyozhikkal. 

2.3 G. Sankara Kurup—Perunthachan. 

2.4 N. V. Krishna Variar—Tivandiyile pattu. 

Unit 3

3.1 O. N. V.—Bhumikkoru Charamagitam. 

3.2 Ayyappa Panicker—Kurukshetram. 

3.3 Akkittam—Pandatha Messanthi. 

3.4 Attur Ravivarma—Megharupan. 

Section B

Unit 4

4.1 O. Chanthu Menon—Indulekha. 

4.2 Thakazhy—Chemmin. 

4.3 O. V. Vijayan—Khasakkinte Ithihasam. 

Unit 5

5.1 M. T. Vasudevan Nair—Vanaprastham (Collection). 

5.2 N. S. Madhavan—Higvitta (Collection). 

5.3 C. J. Thomas—1128-il Crime 27. 

Unit 6

6.1 Kuttikrishna Marar—Bharataparyatanam. 

6.2 M. K. Sanu—Nakshatrangalute Snehabhajanam. 

6.3 V. T. Bhatttathirippad—Kannirum Kinavum.

PAPER 1 : HISTORY OF MAITHILI LANGUAGE AND ITS LITERATURE

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PART A: History of Maithili Language 

1. Place of Maithili in the Indo-European Language family. 
2. Origin and development of Maithili language. (Sanskrit, Prakrit, Avhatt, Maithili) 
3. Periodic division of Maithili Language. (Beginning, Middle era, Modern era). 
4. Maithili and its different dialects. 
5. Relationship between Maithili and other Eastern languages (Bengali, Asamese, Oriya) 
6. Origin and Development of Tirhuta Script. 
7. Pronouns and Verbs in Maithili Language. 

PART B: History of Maithili Literature

1. Background of Maithili Literature  (Religious, Economic, Social, Cultural). 
2. Periodic division of Maithili literature. 
3. Pre-Vidyapati Literature. 
4. Vidyapati and his tradition. 
5. Medieval Maithili Drama (Kirtaniya Natak, Ankia Nat, Maithili dramas written in Nepal). 
6. Maithili Folk Literature (Folk Tales, Folk Drama, Folk Stories, Folk Songs). 
7. Development of different literary forms in modern era:
   1. Prabandh-kavya 
   2. Muktak-kavya 
   3. Novel 
   4. Short Story 
   5. Drama 
   6. Essay 
   7. Criticism 
   8. Memoirs 
   9. Translation 
8. Development of Maithili Magazines and Journals.

PAPER 2 : 

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The paper will require first‐hand reading of the prescribed texts and will test the critical ability of the candidates. 

PART A

Poetry 

1. Vidyapati Geet-Shati—Publisher:  Sahitya Akademi, New Delhi (Lyrics— 1 to 50) 
2. Govind Das Bhajanavali—Publisher: Maithili Academy, Patna (Lyrics— 1 to 25) 
3. Krishna Janm—Manbodh 
4. Mithila Bhasha Ramayana—Chanda Jha (only Sunder-Kand)  
5. Rameshwar Charit Mithila Ramayan—Lal Das (only Bal-kand) 
6. Keechak-Vadh—Tantra Nath Jha. 
7. Datta-Vati—Surendra Jah ‘Suman’ (only 1st and 2nd Cantos). 
8. Chitra-Yatri 
9. Samakaleen Maithili Kavita—Publisher: Sahitaya Akademi, New Delhi. 

PART B

10. Varna Ratnakar—Jyotirishwar (only 2nd Kallol) 
11. Khattar Kakak Tarang—Hari Mohan Jha 
12. Lorik—Vijaya Manipadma 
13. Prithvi Putra—Lalit 
14. Bhaphait Chahak Jinagi—Sudhanshu ‘Shekhar’ Choudhary 
15. Kriti Rajkamlak—Publisher: Maithili Academy, Patna (First Ten Stories only) 
16. Katha–Sangrah–Publisher: Maithili Academy, Patna.

PAPER 1 : 

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Section A: History of the Konkani Language

1. Origin and development of the language and influences on it. 
2. Major variants of Konkani and their linguistic features. 
3. Grammatical and lexicographic work in Konkani, including a study of cases, adverbs, indeclinables and voices.
4. Old Standard Konkani, New Standard and Standardisation problems. 

Section B: History of Konkani Literature

Candidates would be expected to be well-acquainted with Konkani literature and its social and cultural background and consider the problems and issues arising out of them. 

1. History of Konkani literature from its probable source to the present times, with emphasis on its major works, writers and movements. 
2. Social and cultural background of the making of Konkani literature from time to time. 
3. Indian and Western influences on Konkani literature, from the earliest to modern times.
4. Modern literary trends in the various genres and regions including a study of Konkani folklore.

PAPER 2 : Textual Criticism of Konkani Literature 

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The paper will be designed to test the candidate’s critical and analytical abilities. Candidates would be expected to be well-acquainted with Konkani Literature and required to have first-hand reading of the following texts: 

Section A: Prose

1. (a) Konkani Mansagangotri (excluding poetry) ed. by Prof : Olivinho Gomes. 

    (b) Old Konkani language and literature—the Portuguese Role 

2. (a) Otmo Denvcharak—a novel by A. V. da Cruz. 

    (b) Vadoll ani Varem—a novel by Antonio Pereira. 

    (c) Devache Kurpen—a novel by V.J.P. Saldanha. 

3. (a) Vajra Alikhani—Shenoi goem-bab-An anthology-ed. by Shantaram Varde Valavalikar. 

    (b) Konkani Lalit Niband—Essays-ed. by Shyam Verenkar. 

    (c) Teen Dasakam—An anthology—ed. by Chandrakant Keni. 

4. (a) Demand—Drama-by Pundalik Naik. 

    (b) Kadambini: A Miscellany of Modern Prose—ed. by Prof. O.J.F. Gomes and Smt. P.S. Tadkodkar. 

    (c) Ratha Tujeo Ghudieo—by Smt. Jayanti Naik. 

Section B: Poetry

1. (a) Ev ani Mori : Poetry by Eduardo Bruno de Souza. 

    (b) Abravanchem Yadnyadan—by Luis Mascarenhas. 

2. (a) Godde Ramayan—ed. by R.K. Rao. 

    (b) Ratnahar I and II—collection of poems—ed. R. V. Pandit. 

3. (a) Zayo Zuyo—poems- Manohar L. Sardessai. 

    (b) Kanadi Mati Konkani Kavi—Anthology of Poems—ed. Pratap Naik. 

4. (a) Adrushatache Kalle—Poems by Pandurang Bhangui. 

    (b) Yaman—Poems by Madhav Borkar.

PAPER 1 : 

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Section A

1. Genealogical relationship of the Kashmiri language: various theories. 
2. Areas of occurence and dialects (geographical/social) 
3. Phonology and grammar:
   1. Vowel and consonant system;
   2. Nouns and pronouns with various case inflections;
   3. Verbs: various types and tenses. 
4. Syntactic structure:
   1. Simple, active and declarative statements; 
   2. Coordination;
   3. Relativisation. 

Section B 

1. Kashmiri literature in the 14th century (Socio-cultural and intellectual background with special reference to Lal Dyad and Sheikhul Alam). 
2. Nineteenth century Kashmiri literature (development of various genres: vatsun; ghazal and mathnawi.
3. Kashmiri literature in the first half of the twentieth century (with special reference to Mahjoor and Azad; various literary influences). 
4. Modern Kashmiri literature (with special reference to the development of the short story, drama, novel and nazm). 

PAPER 2 : 

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Section A

1. Intensive study of Kashmiri poetry up to the nineteenth century:
   1. Lal Dyad, 
   2. Sheikhul Aalam
   3. Habba Khatoon 
2. Kashmiri poetry: 19th Century
   1. Mahmood Gami (Vatsans)
   2. Maqbool shah (Gulrez) 
   3. Rasool Mir (Ghazals)
   4. Abdul Ahad Nadim (N’at)
   5. Krishanjoo Razdan (Shiv Lagun)
   6. Sufi Poets (Test in Sanglaab, published by the Deptt. of Kashmiri, University of Kashmir) 
3. Twentieth Century Kashmiri poetry (text in Azich Kashir Shairi, published by the Deptt. of Kashmiri, University of Kashmir). 
4. Literary criticism and research work: development and various trends. 

Section B

1. An analytical study of the short story in Kashmiri.
   1. Afsana Majmu’a, published by the Deptt. of Kashmiri, University of Kashmir. 
   2. Kashur Afsana Az, published by the Sahitya Akademi. 
   3. Hamasar Kashur Afsana, published by the Sahitya Akademi. 

The following short story writers only: Akhtar Mohi-ud Din, Kamil, Hari Krishan Kaul, Hraday Kaul Bharti, Bansi Nirdosh, Gulshan Majid. 

2. Novel in Kashmiri:
   1. Mujrim by G. N. Gowhar
   2. Maroon—Ivan Ilyichun, (Kashmiri version of Tolstoy’s) The Death of Ivan Ilyich (published by Kashmiri Deptt.) 
3. Drama in Kashmiri:
   1. Natuk Kariv Band by Hari Krishan Kaul
   2. Qk Angy Natuk, ed. Motilal Keemu, published by the Sahitya Akademi.
   3. Razi Oedipus, tr. Naji Munawar, published by the Sahitya Akademi. 
4. Kashmiri Folk Literature:
   1. Kashur Luki Theatre by Mohammad Subhan Bhagat, published by the Deptt. of Kashmiri, University of Kashmir. 
   2. Kashiry Luki Beeth (all volumes) published by the J&K Cultural Academy.

PAPER 1 : 

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Section A 

A. History of Kannada Language

• What is Language? General characteristics of Language. Dravidian Family of Languages and its specific features. Antiquity of Kannada Language. Different phases of its Development. 
• Dialects of Kannada Language: Regional and Social. Various aspects of developments of Kannada Language: phonological and Semantic changes. Language borrowing. 

B. History of Kannada Literature

• Ancient Kannada literature: Influence and Trends, Poets for study : Specified poets from Pampa to Ratnakara Varni are to be studied in the light of contents, form and expression: Pampa, Janna, Nagachandra. 
• Medieval Kannada literature : Influence and Trends. 
• Vachana Literature : Basavanna, Akka Mahadevi. 
• Mediaeval Poets : Harihara, Raghavanka, Kumara-Vyasa. 
• Dasa literature : Purandara and Kanaka. 
• Sangatya : Ratnakaravarni 

C. Modern Kannada literature: Influence, trends and ideologies, Navodaya, Pragatishila, Navya, Dalita and Bandaya. 

Section B 

A. Poetics and Literary Criticism

• Definition and concepts of poetry; Word, Meaning, Alankara, Reeti, Rasa, Dhwani, Auchitya. 
• Interpretations of Rasa Sutra. Modern Trends of literary criticism : Formalist, Historical, Marxist, Feminist, Post-colonial criticism. 

B. Cultural History of Karnataka

• Contribution of Dynasties to the culture of Karnataka: Chalukyas of Badami and Kalyani, Rashtrakutas, Hoysalas, Vijayanagara rulers, in literary context. 
• Major religions of Karnataka and their cultural contribution. 
• Arts of Karnataka; Sculpture, Architecture, Painting, Music, Dance—in the literary context. 
• Unification of Karnataka and its impact on Kannada literature. 

PAPER 2 : 

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The Paper will require first-hand reading of the Texts prescribed and will be designed to test the critical ability of the candidates. 

Section A

A. Old Kannada Literature

• Vikramarjuna Vijaya of Pampa (Cantos 12 & 13), (Mysore University Pub.) 
• Vaddaraadhane (Sukumaraswamyia Kathe, Vidyutchorana Kathe) 

B. Medieval Kannada Literature

1. Vachana, Kammata, Ed.  K. Marulasiddappa K.R. Nagaraj (Bangalore University Pub.) 
2. Janapriya Kanakasamputa, Ed. D. Javare Gowda (Kannada and Culture Directorate, Bangalore) 
3. Nambiyannana Ragale, Ed., T.N. Sreekantaiah (Ta. Vem. Smaraka Grantha Male, Mysore) 
4. Kumaravyasa Bharata: Karna Parva (Mysore University) 
5. Bharatesha Vaibhava Sangraha Ed Ta. Su. Shama Rao (Mysore University)

Section B

A. Modern Kannada Literature

1. Poetry: Hosagannada Kavite, Ed. G.H. Nayak (Kannada Sahitya Parishattu,  Bangalore) 
2. Novel: Bettada Jeeva—Shivarama Karanta Madhavi—Anupama Niranjana Odalaala-Deva-nuru Mahadeva 
3. Short Story: Kannada Sanna Kathegalu, Ed. G.H. Nayak (Sahitya Academy, New Delhi) 
4. Drama: Shudra Tapaswi—Kuvempu. Tughlaq—Girish Karnad. 
5. Vichara Sahitya: Devaru—A.N. Moorty Rao (Pub: D.V.K.Moorty,  Mysore.)       

B. Folk Literature:

1. Janapada Swaroopa—Dr. H.M. Nayak (Ta. Vem. Smaraka Grantha Male, Mysore.) 
2. Janpada Geethanjali—Ed. D. Javare Gowda (Pub : Sahitya Academy, New Delhi). 
3. Kannada Janapada Kathegalu—Ed. J.S. Paramashivaiah (Mysore University). 
4. Beedi Makkalu Beledo. Ed. Kalegowda Nagavara (Pub : Bangalore University). 
5. Savirada Ogatugalu—Ed. S.G. Imrapura.

PAPER 1 : 

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Section A 

1. History of Hindi Language and Nagari Lipi

1. Grammatical and applied forms of Apbhransh, Awahatta & Arambhik Hindi.
2. Development of Braj and Awadhi as Literary language during mediaeval period. 
3. Early form of Khari-boli in Siddha-Nath Sahitya, Khusero, Sant Sahitya, Rahim etc. and Dakhni Hindi.
4. Development of Khari-boli and Nagari Lipi during the 19th Century.  
5. Standardisation of Hindi Bhasha & Nagari Lipi. 
6. Development of Hindi as a National Language during the freedom movement. 
7. The development of Hindi as a National Language of the Union of India. 
8. Scientific & Technical Development of Hindi Language. 
9. Prominent dialects of Hindi and their inter-relationship. 
10. Salient features of Nagari Lipi and the efforts for its reform & Standard form of Hindi. 
11. Grammatical structure of Standard Hindi. 

Section B 

2. History of Hindi Literature

1. The relevance and importance of Hindi literature and tradition of writing History of Hindi Literature. 
2. Literary trends of the following four periods of history of Hindi Literature.
   1. Adikal—Sidh,  Nath  and  Raso  Sahitya. 

Prominent poets—Chandvardai, Khusaro, Hemchandra, Vidyapati. 

2. Bhaktikal—Sant Kavyadhara, Sufi Kavyadhara, Krishna Bhaktidhara and Ram Bhaktidhara. 

Prominent Poets—Kabir, Jayasi, Sur & Tulsi. 

3. Ritikal—Ritikavya, Ritibaddhkavya & Riti Mukta Kavya. 

Prominent Poets—Keshav, Bihari, Padmakar and Ghananand. 

4. Adhunik Kal—
   1. Renaissance, the development of Prose, Bharatendu Mandal. 
   2. Prominent Writers—Bharatendu, Bal Krishna Bhatt & Pratap Narain Mishra. 
   3. Prominent trends of modern Hindi Poetry: Chhayavad, Pragativad, Prayogvad, Nai Kavita, Navgeet and Contemporary poetry and Janvadi Kavita. 
   4. Prominent Poets—Maithili Sharan Gupta, Prasad, Nirala, Mahadevi, Dinkar, Agyeya, Muktibodh, Nagarjun. 

3. Katha Sahitya

1. Upanyas & Realism 
2. The origin and development of  Hindi Novels.
3. ProminentNovelists—Premchand, Jain-endra, Yashpal, Renu and Bhism Sahani. 
4. The origin and development of Hindi short story. 
5. Prominent Short Story Writers—Premchand, Prasad, Agyeya, Mohan Rakesh & Krishna Sobti. 

4. Drama & Theatre

1. The Origin & Development of Hindi Drama. 
2. Prominent Dramatists—Bharatendu, Prasad, Jagdish Chandra Mathur, Ram Kumar Verma, Mohan Rakesh.
3. The development of Hindi Theatre. 

5. Criticism

1. The origin and development of Hindi criticism: Saidhantik, Vyavharik, Pragativadi. Manovishleshanvadi & Nai Alochana. 
2. Prominent critics—Ramchandra Shukla, Hajari Prasad Dwivedi, Ram Vilas Sharma & Nagendra. 

6. The other forms of Hindi prose—Lalit Nibandh,Rekhachitra, Sansmaran, Yatra-vrittant.

PAPER 2 : 

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The paper will require first-hand reading of the prescribed texts and will test the critical ability of the candidates. 

Section A 

1. Kabir: Kabir Granthawali, Ed. Shyam Sundar Das (First hundred Sakhis) 
2. Soordas: Bhramar Geetsar, Ed. Ramchandra Shukla (First hundred Padas) 
3. Tulsidas: RamcharitManas (Sundar Kand) Kavitavali (Uttarkand) 
4. Jayasi: Padmawat Ed. Shyam Sundar Das (Sinhal Dwip Khand & Nagmativiyog Khand) 
5. Bihari: Bihari Ratnakar Ed. Jagannath Prasad Ratnakar (First 100 Dohas) 
6. Maithili Sharan Gupta: Bharat Bharati
7. Prasad: Kamayani (Chinta and Shraddha Sarg) 
8. Nirala: Rag-Virag, Ed. Ram Vilas Sharma (Ram Ki Shakti Pooja & Kukurmutta) 
9. Dinkar: Kurukshetra 
10. Agyeya: Aangan Ke Paar Dwar (Asadhya Veena) 
11. Muktibodh: Brahm Rakhashas 
12. Nagarjun:  Badal Ko Ghirte Dekha Hai, Akal Ke Bad, Harijan Gatha. 

Section B

1. Bharatendu: Bharat Durdasha 
2. Mohan Rakesh: Ashadh Ka Ek Din 
3. Ramchandra: Chintamani (Part I) (Kavita Kya Shukla Hai, Shraddha Aur Bhakti)  
4. Dr. Satyendra: Nibandh Nilaya—Bal Krishna Bhatt, Premchand, Gulab Rai, Hajari Prasad Dwivedi, Ram Vilas Sharma, Agyeya, Kuber Nath Rai. 
5. Premchand Godan, Premchand ki Sarvashreshtha Kahaniyan, Ed. Amrit Rai/Manjusha—Prem Chand ki Sarvashreshtha Kahaniyan. Ed. Amrit Rai. 
6. Prasad: Skandgupta 
7. Yashpal: Divya 
8. Phaniswar Nath Renu: Maila Anchal 
9. Mannu Bhandari: Mahabhoj 
10. Rajendra Yadav: Ek Dunia Samanantar (All Stories) 

PAPER 1 : 

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Section A: Gujarati Language: Form and History

1. History of Gujarati Language with special reference to New Indo-Aryan i.e. last one thousand years. 
2. Significant features of the Gujarati language: phonology, morphology and syntax. 
3. Major dialects: Surti, pattani, charotari and Saurashtri. 

History of Gujarati literature

Medieval:

4. Jaina tradition
5. Bhakti tradition: Sagun and Nirgun (Jnanmargi)
6. Non-sectarian tradition (Laukik parampara) 

Modern:

7. Sudharak yug 
8. Pandit yug 
9. Gandhi yug 
10. Anu-Gandhi yug 
11. Adhunik yug 

Section B: Literary Forms(Salient features, history and development of the following literary forms) 

(a) Medieval

1. Narratives: Rasa, Akhyan and Padyavarta 
2. Lyrical: Pada 

(b) Folk

3. Bhavai 

(c) Modern

4. Fiction: Novel and Short Story 
5. Drama 
6. Literary Essay 
7. Lyrical Poetry 

(d) Criticism

8. History of theoretical Gujarati criticism
9. Recent research in folk tradition.

PAPER 2 : 

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The paper will require first-hand reading of the texts prescribed and will be designed to test the critical ability of the candidate. 

Section A

1. Medieval

1. Vasantvilas phagu—AJNATKRUT 
2. Kadambari—BHALAN 
3. Sudama Charitra—PREMANAND 
4. Chandrachandravatini varta—SHAMAL
5. Akhegeeta—AKHO 

2. Sudharakyug & Pandityug

6. Mari Hakikat—NARMADASHA
7. Farbasveerah—DALPATRAM 
8. Saraswatichandra-Part 1—GOVARDHANRAM TRIPATHI 
9. Purvalap—‘KANT’ (MANISHANKAR  RATNAJI BHATT)
10. Raino Parvat—RAMANBHAI NEELKANTH 

Section B

1. Gandhiyug & Anu Gandhiyug

1. Hind Swaraj—MOHANDAS KARAMCHAND GANDHI 
2. Patanni Prabhuta—KANHAIYALAL MUNSHI 
3. Kavyani Shakti—RAMNARAYAN VISHWANATH  PATHAK 
4. Saurashtrani Rasdhar-Part 1—ZAVERCHAND MEGHANI 
5. Manvini Bhavai—PANNALAL PATEL 
6. Dhvani—RAJENDRA SHAH 

2. Adhunik yug

7. Saptapadi—UMASHANKAR JOSHI
8. Janantike—SURESH JOSHI 
9. Ashwatthama—SITANSHU YASHASCHANDRA.

PAPER 1 : 

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Texts for detailed study are listed below. Candidates will also be required to show adequate knowledge of the following topics and movements:

The Renaissance; Elizabethan and Jacobean Drama; Metaphysical Poetry; The Epic and the Mock-epic; Neoclassicism; Satire; The Romantic Movement; The Rise of the Novel; The Victorian Age. 

Section A

1. William Shakespeare: King Lear and The Tempest. 
2. John Donne poems:
   1. Canonization;  
   2. Death be not proud;  
   3. The Good Morrow;  
   4. On his Mistress going to bed;  
   5. The Relic; 
3. John Milton: Paradise Lost, I, II, IV, IX. 
4. Alexander Pope: The Rape of the Lock. 
5. William Wordsworth poems:
   1. Ode on Intimations of Immortality. 
   2. Tintern Abbey. 
   3. Three years she grew. 
   4. She dwelt among untrodden ways. 
   5. Michael. 
   6. Resolution and Independence. 
   7. The World is too much with us. 
   8. Milton, thou shouldst be living at this hour. 
   9. Upon Westminster Bridge. 
6. Alfred Tennyson: In Memoriam. 
7. Henrik Ibsen: A Doll’s House. 

Section B

1. Jonathan Swift: Gulliver’s Travels. 
2. Jane Austen: Pride and Prejudice. 
3. Henry Fielding: Tom Jones. 
4. Charles Dickens: Hard Times. 
5. George Eliot: The Mill on the Floss. 
6. Thomas Hardy: Tess of the d’Urbervilles. 
7. Mark Twain: The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. 

PAPER 2 : 

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Texts for detailed study are listed below. Candidates will also be required to show adequate knowledge of the following topics and movements:

Modernism; Poets of the Thirties; The stream-of-consciousness Novel; Absurd Drama; Colonialism and Post-Colonialism; Indian Writing in English; Marxist, Psychoanalytical and Feminist approaches to literature; Post-modernism. 

Section A

1. William Butler Yeats poems:
   1. Easter 1916.
   2. The Second Coming. 
   3. A Prayer for my daughter. 
   4. Sailing to Byzantium. 
   5. The Tower. 
   6. Among School Children. 
   7. Leda and the Swan. 
   8. Meru. 
   9. Lapis Lazuli. 
   10. The Second Coming. 
   11. Byzantium. 
2. T.S. Eliot poems:
   1. The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock. 
   2. Journey of the Magi. 
   3. Burnt Norton. 
3. W.H. Auden poems:
   1. Partition 
   2. Musée des Beaux Arts 
   3. In Memory of  W.B. Yeats 
   4. Lay your sleeping head, my love 
   5. The Unknown Citizen 
   6. Consider 
   7. Mundus Et Infans 
   8. The Shield of Achilles 
   9. September 1, 1939 
   10. Petition 
4. John Osborne : Look Back in Anger. 
5. Samuel Beckett: Waiting for Godot. 
6. Philip Larkin poems:
   1. Next
   2. Please
   3. Deceptions
   4. Afternoons 
   5. Days
   6. Mr. Bleaney 
7. A.K. Ramanujan poems:
   1. Looking for a Cousin on a Swing
   2. A River 
   3. Of  Mothers, among other Things
   4. Love Poem for a Wife 1 
   5. Small-Scale Reflections on a Great House 
   6. Obituary 

(All these poems are available in the anthology Ten Twentieth Century Indian Poets, edited by R. Parthasarthy, published by Oxford University Press, New Delhi). 

Section B 

1. Joseph Conrad: Lord Jim. 
2. James Joyce: Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man. 
3. D.H. Lawrence: Sons and Lovers. 
4. E.M. Forster: A Passage to India. 
5. Virginia Woolf: Mrs. Dalloway. 
6. Raja Rao: Kanthapura.  
7. V.S. Naipaul: A House for Mr. Biswas.